繁簡
作者／出处
汉皇重色思倾国，御宇多年求不得。汉皇重色思倾国1，御宇2多年求不得。
中国有位好色的皇帝，多年没寻到理想的美女。
China's Emperor, craving beauty that might shake an empire,
Was on the throne for many years, searching, never finding,
杨家有女初长成，养在深闺人未识。杨家有女初长成3，养在深闺人未识4。
杨家的姑娘才长大成人，养在深闺里人家都不知。
Till a little child of the Yang clan, hardly even grown,
Bred in an inner chamber, with no one knowing her,
天生丽质难自弃，一朝选在君王侧。天生丽质难自弃5，一朝选在君王侧。
天生的美丽不会埋没得久，一天被选进皇帝的宫里。
But with graces granted by heaven and not to be concealed,
At last one day was chosen for the imperial household
回眸一笑百媚生，六宫粉黛无颜色。回眸6一笑百媚生，六宫粉黛无颜色7。
她转眼一笑千娇百媚，六宫的美女都没法和她比。
If she but turned her head and smiled, there were cast a hundred spells,
And the powder and paint of the Six Palaces faded into nothing.
春寒赐浴华清池，温泉水滑洗凝脂。春寒赐浴华清池8，温泉水滑洗凝脂9。
春寒时叫她在华清池里沐浴，凝脂般滑润的皮肤在温泉里浸洗，
...It was early spring. They bathed her in the FlowerPure Pool,
Which warmed and smoothed the creamy-tinted crystal of her skin,
侍儿扶起娇无力，始是新承恩泽时。侍儿扶起娇无力，始是新承恩泽10时。
出浴后娇弱无力得要侍儿搀扶，这时初次接受了皇帝恩爱的赐予。
And, because of her languor, a maid was lifting her
When first the Emperor noticed her and chose her for his bride.
云鬓花颜金步摇，芙蓉帐暖度春宵。云鬓花颜金步摇11，芙蓉帐暖度春宵。
发像云、面如花、佩带着「金步摇」，芙蓉帐里的温暖消磨了整个春宵。
The cloud of her hair, petal of her cheek, gold ripples of her crown when she moved,
Were sheltered on spring evenings by warm hibiscus curtains;
春宵苦短日高起，从此君王不早朝。春宵苦短日高起，从此君王不早朝。
嫌春夜太短暂，太阳已高起，从此皇帝也就不再起早上朝。
But nights of spring were short and the sun arose too soon,
And the Emperor, from that time forth, forsook his early hearings
承欢侍宴无闲暇，春从春游夜专夜。承欢侍宴无闲暇，春从春游夜专夜。
陪着皇帝欢宴没有一点空闲，从这一夜到那一夜，从这一年到那一年。
And lavished all his time on her with feasts and revelry,
His mistress of the spring, his despot of the night.
后宫佳丽三千人，三千宠爱在一身。后宫佳丽三千人，三千宠爱在一身。
后宫的美女有三千人，三千人的宠爱集到一个人的身上。
There were other ladies in his court, three thousand of rare beauty,
But his favours to three thousand were concentered in one body.
金屋妆成娇侍夜，玉楼宴罢醉和春。金屋妆成娇侍夜12，玉楼宴罢醉和春13。
白天在玉楼里欢宴醉酒，夜间另有金屋来陪伴君王。
By the time she was dressed in her Golden Chamber, it would be almost evening;
And when tables were cleared in the Tower of Jade, she would loiter, slow with wine.
姊妹弟兄皆列土，可怜光彩生门户。姊妹弟兄皆列土14，可怜15光彩生门户。
姊妹得到封赠弟兄做了高官，门户生了光彩，人人在健羡，
Her sisters and her brothers all were given titles;
And, because she so illumined and glorified her clan,
遂令天下父母心，不重生男重生女。遂令天下父母心，不重生男重生女16。
改变了天下做父母的旧观念，都愿生个女儿不愿再生男。
She brought to every father, every mother through the empire,
Happiness when a girl was born rather than a boy.
骊宫高处入青云，仙乐风飘处处闻。骊宫17高处入青云，仙乐风飘18处处闻。
骊山上的宫殿高耸云层，处处听到从那儿让风飘来的仙乐声。
...High rose Li Palace, entering blue clouds,
And far and wide the breezes carried magical notes
缓歌慢舞凝丝竹，尽日君王看不足。缓歌慢舞凝丝竹19，尽日君王看不足。
随着音乐的节拍在缓歌曼舞，整天价这位皇帝都觉得看不足。
Of soft song and slow dance, of string and bamboo music.
The Emperor's eyes could never gaze on her enough -
渔阳鞞鼓动地来，惊破霓裳羽衣曲。渔阳鞞鼓动地来20，惊破霓裳羽衣曲21。
渔阳传来了战鼓声，惊破了「霓裳羽衣曲」。
Till war-drums, booming from Yuyang, shocked the whole earth
And broke the tunes of The Rainbow Skirt and the Feathered Coat.
九重城阙烟尘生，千乘万骑西南行。九重城阙22烟尘生，千乘万骑西南行23。
叛军像烟尘般扑到了皇城边，迫着皇帝不得不逃奔向西南。
The Forbidden City, the nine-tiered palace, loomed in the dust
From thousands of horses and chariots headed southwest.
翠华摇摇行复止，西出都门百余里。翠华24摇摇行复止，西出都门百余里。
出西门刚刚走了百多里路，摇摆的旌旗正行着忽然停住，
The imperial flag opened the way, now moving and now pausing --
But thirty miles from the capital, beyond the western gate,
六军不发无奈何，宛转蛾眉马前死。六军不发25无奈何，宛转蛾眉马前死26。
护卫的军队逗留不进没了办法，美人竟然娇羞婉转地死在马前。
The men of the army stopped, not one of them would stir
Till under their horses' hoofs they might trample those moth-eyebrows…
花钿委地无人收，翠翘金雀玉搔头。花钿委地27无人收，翠翘金雀玉搔头28。
佩带的首饰遗弃了一地没人检收，有翠翘、有金雀、还有玉搔头。
Flowery hairpins fell to the ground, no one picked them up,
And a green and white jade hair-tassel and a yellowgold hair- bird.
君王掩面救不得，回看血泪相和流。君王掩面救不得，回看血泪相和流。
皇帝悲哀得流出了血和泪，掩住面容愧不能来援救。
The Emperor could not save her, he could only cover his face.
And later when he turned to look, the place of blood and tears
黄埃散漫风萧索，云栈萦纡登剑阁。黄埃散漫风萧索，云栈萦纡登剑阁29。
萧索的秋风吹得黄尘迷漫，沿着纡曲的山路登上剑阁。
Was hidden in a yellow dust blown by a cold wind.
...At the cleft of the Dagger-Tower Trail they crisscrossed through a cloud-line
峨嵋山下少人行，旌旗无光日色薄。峨嵋山30下少人行，旌旗无光日色薄。
旌旗减了光彩，太阳也显得黯淡，寂静的蛾眉山下也没有人行过。
Under Omei Mountain. The last few came.
Flags and banners lost their colour in the fading sunlight..
蜀江水碧蜀山青，圣主朝朝暮暮情。蜀江水碧蜀山青，圣主朝朝暮暮情31。
四川的青山和绿水哟，皇帝日日夜夜在情深痴想，
But as waters of Shu are always green and its mountains always blue,
So changeless was His Majesty's love and deeper than the days.
行宫见月伤心色，夜雨闻铃肠断声。行宫32见月伤心色，夜雨闻铃肠断声33。
行宫里看见了伤心的月光，雨夜里听见了断肠的铃响。
He stared at the desolate moon from his temporary palace.
He heard bell-notes in the evening rain, cutting at his breast.
天旋日转回龙驭，到此踌躇不能去。天旋日转回龙驭34，到此35踌躇不能去。
叛乱敉平了，皇帝还都，来到这里禁不住停下彷徨：
And when heaven and earth resumed their round and the dragon car faced home,
The Emperor clung to the spot and would not turn away
马嵬坡下泥土中，不见玉颜空死处。马嵬坡36下泥土中，不见玉颜空死处37。
马嵬坡下的泥土里，看不到美人死去的地方。
From the soil along the Mawei slope, under which was buried
That memory, that anguish, Where was her jade-white face?
君臣相顾尽沾衣，东望都门信马归。君臣相顾尽沾衣38，东望都门信39马归。
君臣们你看我我看你都哭湿了衣带，向东望着皇城让马儿信步走回来。
Ruler and lords, when eyes would meet, wept upon their coats
As they rode, with loose rein, slowly eastward, back to the capital.
归来池苑皆依旧，太液芙蓉未央柳。归来池苑皆依旧，太液芙蓉未央柳40。
太液池的芙蓉未央宫的柳，池苑的模样儿依旧没有改。
...The pools, the gardens, the palace, all were just as before,
The Lake Taiye hibiscus, the Weiyang Palace willows;
芙蓉如面柳如眉，对此如何不泪垂？芙蓉如面柳如眉41，对此如何不泪垂？
芙蓉像她的脸柳像她的眉，对着花和树皇帝怎能不落泪！
But a petal was like her face and a willow-leaf her eyebrow --
And what could he do but cry whenever he looked at them?
春风桃李花开夜，秋雨梧桐叶落时。春风桃李花开夜，秋雨梧桐叶落时。
春风吹开了桃李的花，秋雨滴落了梧桐的叶。
...Peach-trees and plum-trees blossomed, in the winds of spring;
Lakka-foliage fell to the ground, after autumn rains;
西宫南苑多秋草，宫叶满阶红不扫。西宫南苑42多秋草，宫叶满阶红不扫。
西宫南宫多的是秋草，红叶落了满阶没有人扫。
The Western and Southern Palaces were littered with late grasses,
And the steps were mounded with red leaves that no one swept away.
梨园弟子白发新，椒房阿监青娥老。梨园弟子白发新43，椒房阿监青娥老44。
梨园的子弟有了白头发，椒房里太监宫女也渐渐老。
Her Pear-Garden Players became white-haired
And the eunuchs thin-eyebrowed in her Court of PepperTrees;
夕殿萤飞思悄然，孤灯挑尽未成眠。夕殿萤飞思悄然45，孤灯挑尽未成眠。
黄昏时看着殿角的飞萤悄悄思念，孤独地挑尽了灯花不能成眠，
Over the throne flew fire-flies, while he brooded in the twilight.
He would lengthen the lamp-wick to its end and still could never sleep.
迟迟钟鼓初长夜，耿耿星河欲曙天。迟迟钟鼓初长夜，耿耿46星河欲曙天。
漫漫长夜嫌更鼓打得太慢，看着微明的银河盼望着快明天。
Bell and drum would slowly toll the dragging nighthours
And the River of Stars grow sharp in the sky, just before dawn,
鸳鸯瓦冷霜华重，翡翠衾寒谁与共？鸳鸯瓦冷霜华重47，翡翠衾48寒谁与共？
鸳鸯瓦上的霜雪很厚，翡翠被里的寒冷再没有人来同受；
And the porcelain mandarin-ducks on the roof grow thick with morning frost
And his covers of kingfisher-blue feel lonelier and colder
悠悠生死别经年，魂魄不曾来入梦。悠悠生死别经年49，魂魄不曾来入梦。
生离死别经过了一个足年，不曾有她的魂灵儿到梦里来聚首。
With the distance between life and death year after year;
And yet no beloved spirit ever visited his dreams.
临邛道士鸿都客，能以精诚致魂魄。临邛道士鸿都客50，能以精诚致魂魄。
临邛的道士是鸿都客，能用精诚来招致死去的亡魂。
...At Lingqiong lived a Taoist priest who was a guest of heaven,
Able to summon spirits by his concentrated mind.
为感君王展转思，遂教方士殷勤觅。为感君王展转思51，遂教方士殷勤觅。
感叹皇帝辗转地想思，就叫道士们去殷勤追寻。
And people were so moved by the Emperor's constant brooding
That they besought the Taoist priest to see if he could find her.
排空驭气奔如电，升天入地求之遍。排空驭气奔如电，升天入地求之遍52。
驾着云乘着风像电一般快捷，也升天也入地一个劲地访求不停歇，
He opened his way in space and clove the ether like lightning,
Up to heaven, under the earth, looking everywhere.
上穷碧落下黄泉，两处茫茫皆不见。上穷碧落下黄泉，两处茫茫皆不见53。
可惜上天下地找寻了一个遍，这两处地方连个影儿也没见。
Above, he searched the Green Void, below, the Yellow Spring;
But he failed, in either place, to find the one he looked for.
忽闻海上有仙山，山在虚无缥缈间。忽闻海上有仙山，山在虚无缥缈54间。
忽然听说海上有座仙山，这仙山若有若无缥缈不平凡。
And then he heard accounts of an enchanted isle at sea,
A part of the intangible and incorporeal world,
楼阁玲珑五云起，其中绰约多仙子。楼阁玲珑五云55起，其中绰约56多仙子。
五彩云里矗立着玲珑的楼殿，殿中住着一些美丽的女仙。
With pavilions and fine towers in the five-coloured air,
And of exquisite immortals moving to and fro,
中有一人字太真，雪肤花貌参差是。中有一人字太真57，雪肤花貌参差是58。
有一个女仙名字就叫「太真」，雪白肤色花般貌彷佛皇帝的意中人。
And of one among them-whom they called The Ever True -
With a face of snow and flowers resembling hers he sought.
金阙西厢叩玉扃，转教小玉报双成。金阙西厢叩玉扃59，转教小玉报双成60。
在金阙的西厢叩着玉门，辗转由「小玉」和「双成」去报了信。
So he went to the West Hall's gate of gold and knocked at the jasper door
And asked a girl, called Morsel-of-Jade, to tell The Doubly-Perfect.
闻道汉家天子使，九华帐里梦魂惊。闻道汉家天子使，九华帐61里梦魂惊。
听见中国皇帝的使者到，惊醒了华丽帐里的梦中魂；
And the lady, at news of an envoy from the Emperor of China.
Was startled out of dreams in her nine-flowered, canopy.
揽衣推枕起裴回，珠箔银屏逦迤开。揽衣推枕起裴回62，珠箔银屏逦迤开63。
赶忙推枕披衣下了床，珠帘上的银钩慢慢两边分。
She pushed aside her pillow, dressed, shook away sleep,
And opened the pearly shade and then the silver screen.
云鬓半偏新睡觉，花冠不整下堂来。云鬓半偏新睡觉，花冠不整下堂来。
云髻歪斜像是春睡才醒觉，没戴好花冠就走出来。
Her cloudy hair-dress hung on one side because of her great haste,
And her flower-cap was loose when she came along the terrace,
风吹仙袂飘飖举，犹似霓裳羽衣舞。风吹仙袂飘飖举64，犹似霓裳羽衣舞。
风飘飘地吹起了仙衣，还好像跳着「霓裳羽衣舞」。
While a light wind filled her cloak and fluttered with her motion
As though she danced The Rainbow Skirt and the Feathered Coat.
玉容寂寞泪阑干，梨花一枝春带雨。玉容寂寞泪阑干65，梨花一枝春带雨66。
玉润的面容上寂寞地挂了两行泪，像一枝梨花带着春天的雨。
And the tear-drops drifting down her sad white face
Were like a rain in spring on the blossom of the pear.
含情凝睇谢君王，一别音容两渺茫。含情凝睇谢君王67，一别音容两渺茫。
含情凝视着使者向皇帝致谢：「别后声音笑貌双方都已渺茫。
But love glowed deep within her eyes when she bade him thank her liege,
Whose form and voice had been strange to her ever since their parting --
昭阳殿里恩爱绝，蓬莱宫中日月长。昭阳殿68里恩爱绝，蓬莱宫中日月长69。
昭阳殿里的恩爱不能再继续，蓬莱宫里的日月却特别地长。
Since happiness had ended at the Court of the Bright Sun,
And moons and dawns had become long in Fairy-Mountain Palace.
回头下望人寰处，不见长安见尘雾。回头下望人寰70处，不见长安见尘雾。
回头向下看看人间世，看不见长安只看见些尘土和云雾。
But when she turned her face and looked down toward the earth
And tried to see the capital, there were only fog and dust.
唯将旧物表深情，钿合金钗寄将去。唯将旧物表深情，钿合71金钗寄将去。
把这首饰盒子里金钗带给皇帝，旧日佩带的东西表达深挚的情愫。
So she took out, with emotion, the pledges he had given
And, through his envoy, sent him back a shell box and gold hairpin,
钗留一股合一扇，钗擘黄金合分钿。钗留一股合一扇72，钗擘黄金合分钿73。
金钗留下一股盒子留下一扇，都是一件东西平分给两人保管。
But kept one branch of the hairpin and one side of the box,
Breaking the gold of the hairpin, breaking the shell of the box;
但教心似金钿坚，天上人间会相见。但教心似金钿坚，天上人间会相见。
只要两心都像钗盒这样的坚固，无论天上人间都不难再相见。」
"Our souls belong together," she said, " like this gold and this shell --
Somewhere, sometime, on earth or in heaven, we shall surely
临别殷勤重寄词，词中有誓两心知︰临别殷勤重寄词，词中有誓两心知：
临别殷勤地叫再带上一句话，话里的誓言只有两人知道，
And she sent him, by his messenger, a sentence reminding him
Of vows which had been known only to their two hearts:
七月七日长生殿，夜半无人私语时。七月七日长生殿，夜半无人私语时74。
半夜里秘密地说着缠绵的细语，那是七月七日在「长生殿」里乞巧：
"On the seventh day of the Seventh-month, in the Palace of Long Life,
We told each other secretly in the quiet midnight world
在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿为连理枝。在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿为连理枝75。
「在天上愿做一双比翼鸟，在地上愿做一对连理枝。」
That we wished to fly in heaven, two birds with the wings of one,
And to grow together on the earth, two branches of one tree."
天长地久有时尽，此恨绵绵无绝期。天长地久有时尽，此恨绵绵无绝期。
天虽长地虽久都有完了的时候，这一离恨绵延着却没有断绝的日期。
Earth endures, heaven endures; some time both shall end,
While this unending sorrow goes on and on for ever.
导赏
这篇《长恨歌》是长篇的七言古诗，属于「叙事诗」的体裁。作者以历史上的真实事迹作题材，用写实的手法把它素描出来。唐玄宗本是一位英明的皇帝，开元二十余年间，政治清明，为唐朝的鼎盛时期。可惜到了天宝年间，忽然沉湎酒色歌舞，迷恋杨贵妃，误用了杨国忠，不问政事，招致了安禄山的乱事，几乎把国家断送了。以后乱事平定；他必仍然执迷不悟，胡涂到叫那些行邪术的人，去访寻杨贵妃的芳魂。这事当时给了人们一个很深刻的印象，作者就摄取了这些题材，创作了这篇长诗。
作者的朋友陈鸿，曾根据本诗，写了一篇《长恨歌传》。陈鸿曾指出《长恨歌》的主题说：「意者不但感其事，亦欲惩尤物，窒乱阶，垂于将来者也。」作者分明是想拿唐玄宗这件事，来作为后世国君的殷鉴。
首句开头揭明玄宗好色，接着就使杨贵妃与读者见面。从她的妙龄、美貌，写到玄宗入了迷惑，胡涂到把国家的官爵和土地，偿付爱情的代价。单看「从此君王不早朝」「尽日君王看不足」这两句，从侧面描写杨贵妃的美，反面却是在暗示唐朝这个国家完了。你想想，这样的一位皇帝，还用得着安禄山来打吗？不打，已经垮了。
第二段叙到安禄山的兵逼近首都，玄宗还在欣赏杨贵妃的舞姿。但是不得不逃亡了，刚刚走了百余里路，突然发生兵变，实在是玄宗意料不到的事。「花钿委地无人收」一句，是以后「惟将旧物表深情」的伏笔。「君王掩面救不得」，皇帝的威权哪儿去了？第三段写玄宗狼狈逃到四川，江山美人都丢了，这位伤心皇帝，过着凄凉的岁月，也真够可怜。四段写玄宗还都，见物思人，更令读者为之嗟叹。然而这种悲惨后果，仍是玄宗自己招致了来的，恨吗，应该恨自己。
末段写玄宗继续执迷不悟，方士们有机可乘，用些假造的谎言来骗他，更增加了他的苦痛。你看作者写的「山在虚无缥缈间」「雪肤花貌参差是」，不是已经一再点明是假的了吗？但玄宗却信以为真，这讥诮也真够厉害的。杨贵妃在马嵬驿死时，既然「花钿委地无人收」，事后一定有人捡拾了去。方士们当然会用高价到那里搜求到手，然后再用以欺骗玄宗，果然成功了。玄宗做的这椿蠢事，既可笑，又可怜。「比翼鸟」「连理枝」是美丽的梦话，梦醒以后，完全幻灭了，不能不成为千古的恨事，所以说「此恨绵绵无绝期」。
白居易长于写讽谕诗，在这篇里也有不少讽刺的句子。如「汉皇重色思倾国，御宇多年求不得」；「姊妹弟兄皆列土，可怜光彩生门户」；「渔阳鼙鼓动地来，惊破霓裳羽衣曲」；「君王掩面救不得，回看血泪相和流」；「为感君王辗转思，遂教方士殷勤觅」……都够深刻。务他讽刺的手法很巧妙，骤然看不出来的，但你若细细咀嚼，可能发出会心的微笑，和沉痛的感叹。最好的讽刺，便是上乘的幽默，它能使人笑，也能使人哭。
延伸阅读：
查阅次数：43147
資料來源：
朗读：冯倩雯（粤）、宁荣璇（普）
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注释：《中国文学古典精华》，商务印书馆（香港）有限公司
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译文：《友联活叶文选》，友联出版社
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导赏：《友联活叶文选》，友联出版社（文）、冯倩雯（粤）、白雪莲（普）
作者／出处
白居易
白居易，生于唐代宗大历七年，卒于唐武宗会昌六年（七七二──八四六）。 字乐天，晚号香山居士，祖籍太原（今山西太原），后迁居下邽（今陕西渭南）。 自幼聪慧，刻苦读书。 唐德宗贞元十六年（七九九）进士，初任校书郎，历任翰林学士、左拾遗，因敢言直谏，上疏亟论宰相武元衡被盗杀事，为当政者所忌，贬为江州（今江西九江）司马。 其后历任忠州、杭州、苏州刺史，官至刑部尚书，晚年退居洛下，崇奉佛法。
白居易是中唐大诗人，与元稹齐名，并称「元白」。 他提倡「文章合为时而著，歌诗合为事而作」，反对「嘲风雪，弄花草」的文学，强调《诗经》的美刺传统和杜甫的创作精神。 白诗的特色是语言浅俗，使老妪、儿童都能解读，讽谕诗《秦中吟》及《新乐府》是其中的代表。 晚年写了不少闲适诗和感伤诗。 有明万历三十四年（一六〇六）马元调刊本《白氏长庆集》传世。
查阅次数：7130
資料來源：
《中国文学古典精华》，商务印书馆（香港）有限公司
创作背景
《長恨歌》選自《全唐詩》卷四百三十五，作於唐憲宗元和元年（八○六）白居易任盩厔（今陝西周至）縣尉時。《長恨歌》是一篇廣為傳誦的長篇敍事詩，寫唐玄宗李隆基與貴妃楊玉環的愛情故事。憲宗元和元年十二月，白居易與陳鴻、王質夫等同遊仙游寺，話及開元、天寶年間玄宗與貴妃遺事，相與感歎，遂寫下此詩，名為《長恨歌》，即歌長恨之意。此詩既寫二人愛情的遺恨，也諷玄宗荒淫誤國，以垂訓後世。
資料來源：
《中国文学古典精华》，商务印书馆（香港）有限公司
